The five basic water quality parameters used to evaluate the physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of water are
Water temperature affects many physical and biological processes in aquatic systems, including solubility of oxygen, metabolic rates of aquatic organisms, and the rate of chemical reactions.
pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of water. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral. Most aquatic organisms are adapted to a narrow range of pH values, and changes in pH can have harmful effects on aquatic life.
DO is a measure of the amount of oxygen dissolved in water. It is essential for the survival of aquatic organisms and is affected by factors such as temperature, salinity, and photosynthesis.
TDS is a measure of the total amount of dissolved inorganic and organic substances in water. It can affect the taste, color, and odor of water, as well as the suitability of water for various uses.
Turbidity is a measure of the clarity or cloudiness of water, caused by suspended particles such as sediment, algae, and organic matter. High turbidity can interfere with light penetration, affect photosynthesis, and reduce the effectiveness of water treatment processes.